What Historic Coin from Scotland Was Preserved for 900 Years?

The recent discovery of a medieval coin minted during King David I's reign marks a significant moment in Scotland's history. This David I silver coin, dating back to the 1130s and found in Midlothian, is the earliest known Scottish coin minted outside of Carlisle, highlighting the beginnings of Scottish coinage and its historical implications.

Last updated: 16 October 2023 (BST)

What’s happening now

The recent acquisition of the David I silver coin is not just a matter of historical interest; it reshapes our understanding of Scotland's early economic practices. Discovered by a metal detectorist in a wooded area near Penicuik, Midlothian, the coin has been dated to the latter half of the 1130s. According to the National Museums Scotland (NMS), it will be used for research purposes initially, with plans for future public display. This discovery is a landmark event in the study of Scottish history, particularly in the context of coinage and trade during the medieval period.

Key takeaways

The coin is the earliest Scottish coin minted outside of Carlisle.
Discovered in Midlothian, it dates back to the 1130s during King David I's reign.
The coin features a portrait of King David I and an inscription indicating its Edinburgh origin.

Timeline: how we got here

Understanding the significance of this coin requires a brief overview of relevant historical milestones:

1124: King David I begins his reign over Scotland.
1130s: The introduction of Scotland's first coinage, with early coins minted in Carlisle.
2023: The recent discovery of the David I silver coin, estimated to be worth £15,000, is reported to Treasure Trove.
Future: The coin is expected to be displayed publicly after initial research at NMS.

What’s new vs what’s known

New today/this week

The significant aspect of this discovery is that it is the first known Scottish coin minted in Edinburgh, expanding the geographical narrative of early Scottish coinage. Prior to this, it was believed that all early coins were produced in Carlisle, Cumbria, following King David I's acquisition of the mint there. This new finding suggests a developing sense of national identity and economic sovereignty during David's reign.

What was already established

It was previously understood that King David I introduced the first form of coinage to Scotland, with coins primarily minted in Carlisle. The coins minted during his reign were crucial for trade and establishing economic systems within the kingdom. However, little was known about the specifics of minting practices in Scotland, especially pertaining to the locations and methods used.

Impact for the UK

Consumers and households

The discovery of this coin, while historical, does not have immediate financial implications for consumers or households. However, greater awareness of Scotland's economic history may encourage tourism to sites of historical significance and potentially boost local economies.

Businesses and jobs

For businesses, particularly those in sectors related to heritage and tourism, this discovery may lead to increased interest in Scottish history. Local museums and historical sites might see a rise in visitor numbers, benefiting from associated spending in the region.

Policy and regulation

The coin's acquisition through the Treasure Trove process underscores the importance of heritage protection in Scotland. This may prompt discussions on how best to safeguard and promote archaeological finds in the future, ensuring that similar treasures are preserved for public access and research.

Numbers that matter

£15,000: The valuation of the David I silver coin, which was paid to the finder.
1130s: The period during which the coin was minted, marking the beginning of Scottish coinage.
29: The number of royal burghs established during King David I's reign, which contributed to economic development.

Definitions and jargon buster

Treasure Trove: A legal term referring to valuable items that are discovered and must be reported to authorities for proper allocation.
Mint: A facility where coins are produced or minted.

How to think about the next steps

Near term (0–4 weeks)

The immediate focus will be on research conducted by NMS regarding the coin's historical context and its implications for understanding early Scottish coinage. The public will also be informed about future exhibition plans.

Medium term (1–6 months)

In the coming months, experts will likely publish findings related to the coin's significance, which may include insights into the economic practices of medieval Scotland. There may also be increased efforts to encourage the reporting of similar discoveries by metal detectorists.

Signals to watch

Future publications from NMS regarding the coin and early Scottish minting practices.
Increased reports of archaeological finds across Scotland.
Potential changes in policies regarding treasure reporting and protection laws.

Practical guidance

Do

Engage with local heritage groups to learn more about Scotland's history.
Report any significant finds to authorities to contribute to historical knowledge.
Visit local museums to understand more about Scotland's medieval past.

Don’t

Do not ignore the legal requirements surrounding the discovery of valuable items.
Do not dismiss the importance of local history and its impact on national identity.

Checklist

Check local regulations regarding metal detecting and treasure reporting.
Follow updates from NMS regarding historical findings.
Explore opportunities for public engagement with Scottish history.

Risks, caveats, and uncertainties

While the discovery of the David I coin is significant, it is important to note that much of what we know about early Scottish coinage remains speculative. The historical context is still being pieced together, and new discoveries may further alter our understanding of the period. Moreover, with the absence of extensive documentary evidence, interpretations based on this coin alone should be approached with caution.

Bottom line

The discovery of the David I silver coin not only enhances our understanding of Scotland's medieval economic practices but also represents a broader narrative about national identity and sovereignty. As research continues, it promises to shed light on the origins of Scottish coinage and may inspire further archaeological pursuits across the region.

FAQs

What is the significance of the David I silver coin?

The David I silver coin is significant as it is the earliest known Scottish coin minted outside of Carlisle, marking an important development in the history of Scottish coinage.

How was the coin discovered?

The coin was discovered by a metal detectorist in a wooded area near Penicuik, Midlothian, and was subsequently reported to Treasure Trove as required by law.

What will happen to the coin now?

The coin will be researched by National Museums Scotland, and there are plans for it to be displayed to the public in the future.