Is China Set to Revolutionize Connectivity with Its New Internet Satellite Group?

On 19 January 2023, China successfully launched its Long March-12 carrier rocket from Hainan, deploying a group of low-orbit internet satellites into space as part of its ongoing efforts to expand its satellite constellation. This launch marks the second such deployment in just over a week, highlighting the rapid pace of China's advancements in commercial aerospace and satellite technology.

Last updated: 19 January 2023 (BST)

What’s happening now

China continues to make strides in its space programme, emphasising the importance of commercial aerospace in its economic framework. The recent launch from Hainan's commercial launch site not only underscores the country's commitment to developing its low-orbit satellite capabilities but also showcases the growing role of private companies like GalaxySpace in advancing satellite technology. The successful deployment of this group of satellites is a vital step toward establishing a robust satellite internet infrastructure, adding to the global competition in satellite communications.

Key takeaways

• The Long March-12 rocket launched a set of low-orbit internet satellites on 19 January 2023.
• This was China's second low-orbit satellite launch in just over a week.
• GalaxySpace, a private aerospace firm, developed the satellites, highlighting the role of commercial companies in China's space initiatives.
• These satellite launches are part of a broader strategy to enhance China's technological and industrial capabilities in aerospace.
• The satellites are designed to support smartphone-satellite direct connections and contribute to 6G networks.

Timeline: how we got here

The following milestones outline the recent developments in China's satellite launches:

• 4 August 2022: The seventh group of low-orbit internet satellites developed by GalaxySpace was launched successfully.
• 13 January 2023: The first group of low-orbit internet satellites for the year was launched from Hainan.
• 19 January 2023: The second launch of low-orbit satellites took place, marking a rapid succession of launches.

What’s new vs what’s known

New today/this week

The launch on 19 January 2023 introduced a new group of low-orbit satellites, which aim to enhance internet access and support advanced telecommunications technologies, including potential 6G networks. This launch reinforces China's strategy of rapidly expanding its satellite internet capabilities.

What was already established

Prior to this recent launch, China had already initiated significant advancements in its satellite internet constellation, with the previous launch on 13 January 2023. The development of these satellites by GalaxySpace has been part of a broader trend of increasing involvement from private companies in China's space sector.

Impact for the UK

Consumers and households

While the immediate impact of China's satellite launches may not be felt directly in the UK, the development of low-orbit satellite technology could influence global internet access, potentially driving down costs and improving connectivity. As these technologies mature, they may offer consumers in remote areas more reliable internet options.

Businesses and jobs

UK businesses in the telecommunications sector may benefit from the advancements in satellite technology, especially if similar initiatives are adopted within the country. The competition can foster innovation and cost reductions in satellite services, with implications for hiring and investment in the UK aerospace industry.

Policy and regulation

The UK government may need to consider how to respond to advancements in global satellite technology, particularly regarding regulation and support for local companies in enhancing their own capabilities. As the space economy grows, UK policies may evolve to ensure competitive positioning in the international market.

Numbers that matter

• 19: The number of satellite groups launched by China to date.
• 40: The number of satellites launched by GalaxySpace with smartphone-satellite connection technology.
• 2: The number of low-orbit satellite launches completed in January 2023 alone.
• 6: The expected number of years for the completion of China's 15th Five-Year Plan, emphasising the aerospace sector's significance.
• 2026-2030: The timeframe for China's 15th Five-Year Plan, focusing on industrial innovation and economic growth.

Definitions and jargon buster

• Low-orbit satellite: A satellite that orbits the Earth at a relatively low altitude, typically between 160 to 2,000 kilometres, enabling lower latency for communications.
• 5G/6G: Generations of mobile telecommunications technology, with 6G expected to offer significantly higher speeds and lower latency compared to 5G.
• GalaxySpace: A Beijing-based commercial aerospace company known for developing satellite technology aimed at expanding internet access.
• Long March-12: A series of Chinese carrier rockets designed for launching various payloads into orbit.

How to think about the next steps

Near term (0–4 weeks)

In the immediate term, observers should monitor the performance of the recently launched satellites and their impact on internet connectivity. Additionally, any announcements from GalaxySpace regarding future launches or technological developments will be significant.

Medium term (1–6 months)

Over the next few months, the integration of these satellites into operational networks will be crucial. Companies involved in satellite communications may also announce partnerships or developments that leverage these new technologies.

Signals to watch

• Performance metrics of the newly launched satellites.
• Reports on consumer adoption of satellite-based internet services.
• Developments in regulatory frameworks for satellite communications in the UK and globally.

Practical guidance

Do

• Stay informed about advancements in satellite internet technologies that could influence connectivity options.
• Consider how developments in space technology could impact your business operations in telecommunications.
• Engage with policymakers to advocate for support of local aerospace initiatives.

Don’t

• Don’t overlook the potential for improved internet access in rural areas due to satellite technology.
• Don’t assume that advancements in space technology will only come from government initiatives; private companies are significantly contributing.
• Don’t ignore the implications of global competition in satellite technology for local markets.

Checklist

• Review internet connectivity options available in your area.
• Monitor news about satellite technology advancements.
• Assess your business's reliance on traditional telecommunications versus emerging satellite solutions.
• Stay updated on regulatory changes affecting satellite communications.
• Connect with local tech communities to discuss the impact of satellite technology.

Risks, caveats, and uncertainties

While the rapid advancements in China's satellite technology are promising, several uncertainties remain. The effectiveness of the deployed satellites in real-world applications is yet to be fully assessed. Additionally, the competitive landscape in commercial aerospace is constantly evolving, and shifts in technology or policy could impact future developments. It’s crucial to remain cautious about claims surrounding the capabilities and performance of the new satellite systems until they have been thoroughly validated.

Bottom line

The recent launch of low-orbit satellites by China marks a significant step in the country's space exploration and internet connectivity goals. As commercial companies like GalaxySpace lead the way in innovation, the implications for both the UK and global markets are profound. Staying informed about these advancements will be essential for consumers and businesses alike as they navigate the future of connectivity.

FAQs

What is the significance of the recent satellite launch in China?

The recent satellite launch is significant as it highlights China's rapid advancements in low-orbit satellite technology, which is crucial for enhancing internet connectivity and supporting emerging telecommunications like 6G.

Who developed the satellites launched on 19 January 2023?

The satellites launched on 19 January 2023 were developed by GalaxySpace, a commercial aerospace company based in Beijing.

How does this launch affect the UK?

While the immediate impact on the UK may be minimal, advancements in satellite technology could lead to improved internet access and competition in the telecommunications market, benefiting consumers in the long run.