What Happened to the Shanties in Lagos Lagoon? Bulldozed and Burned!

The situation in Makoko, Lagos, is dire as the state government demolishes homes in a shanty town, labelled a "land-grab" by critics amid claims of safety concerns. Anna Sobie's story represents the plight of many who have lost their homes, highlighting the ongoing housing crisis and the potential for gentrification in Nigeria's largest city.

Last updated: 05 October 2023 (BST)

What’s happening now

The Lagos State government is facing criticism for its recent demolition of homes in Makoko, a significant informal settlement located on the lagoon. This operation was reportedly initiated under the pretext of public safety, with officials citing that the structures were built too close to high voltage power lines. Critics, however, argue that this action is part of a broader strategy to clear valuable land for private development and gentrification.

Key takeaways

Thousands of residents have been displaced due to demolitions in Makoko.
The Lagos State government defends the actions as necessary for public safety.
Critics accuse the government of gentrification and land-grabbing.

Timeline: how we got here

The displacement of residents in Makoko has roots that extend back many years. Here's a brief timeline of the significant events leading to the current situation:

19th Century: Makoko was established as a fishing community.
2017: Previous demolitions occurred, prompting a court order against forced evictions.
December 2022: The latest wave of demolitions began just before Christmas, displacing thousands.
October 2023: Continued protests and calls for government accountability occur amid ongoing demolitions.

What’s new vs what’s known

New today/this week

Recent developments include increased community protests against the demolitions. Residents are calling for government intervention and a review of the safety claims made by authorities. There is heightened tension as reports emerge of police confrontations with protesters.

What was already established

The Lagos State government has consistently claimed ownership of the lagoon, stating that the structures were built without proper planning permissions. Residents, however, assert their rights based on longstanding historical occupancy.

Impact for the UK

Consumers and households

The ongoing crisis in Lagos reflects broader global issues of housing insecurity, which resonate with UK audiences facing similar challenges. The displacement of families leads to increased social fragmentation and economic strain, which can inspire international discussions on housing rights.

Businesses and jobs

The demolitions disrupt local economies, particularly for those relying on trade and informal business activities. As homes and livelihoods are destroyed, the economic fabric of communities weakens, drawing parallels to gentrification trends in urban centres globally.

Policy and regulation

This situation prompts questions about urban development policies in Lagos and their implications for informal settlements. The potential for legislative changes or government accountability measures may interest UK policymakers and urban planners looking at similar environments.

Numbers that matter

10,000+ people displaced due to recent demolitions.
3,000+ homes destroyed, including schools and clinics.
Population estimates of Makoko range from 80,000 to 200,000 residents.
Housing deficit in Lagos projected to grow from 2.95 million units in 2016 to 3.4 million units by 2025.

Definitions and jargon buster

Gentrification: The process of renovating and improving a house or district so that it conforms to middle-class taste, often displacing lower-income residents.
Informal settlement: Housing that has been constructed without legal permission, typically lacking basic services and infrastructure.
High voltage power lines: Electrical lines that carry high voltage electricity, posing safety risks if structures are built too close.

How to think about the next steps

Near term (0–4 weeks)

In the immediate future, residents are likely to continue protesting against the demolitions, seeking government engagement to address their concerns. Community organisations may ramp up efforts to provide support and advocacy for displaced families.

Medium term (1–6 months)

As tensions rise, the state government may face increased scrutiny and pressure to offer compensation or alternative housing solutions. Ongoing discussions with community leaders could lead to new policies regarding urban development and housing rights.

Signals to watch

Community engagement with Lagos lawmakers and state officials.
Reports of further demolitions or government interventions.
Developments in community-led initiatives to secure housing rights.

Practical guidance

Do

Stay informed about local housing policies and community rights.
Engage with advocacy groups working to support displaced communities.
Participate in community discussions about urban planning and housing solutions.

Don’t

Ignore the plight of those affected by displacement.
Assume that government actions are always in the best interest of communities.
Overlook the potential for grassroots movements to effect change.

Checklist

Understand your rights regarding housing and property.
Follow local news on housing developments and community actions.
Connect with local NGOs for support and resources.
Attend community meetings to voice concerns and solutions.

Risks, caveats, and uncertainties

The situation in Makoko remains fluid, with ongoing protests and the potential for violent confrontations between residents and authorities. The accuracy of reported figures regarding displacement and demolitions can vary, and the lack of clear communication from the government creates further uncertainty for affected residents. The potential for policy changes or new legal challenges may influence future developments.

Bottom line

The demolitions in Makoko highlight the challenges faced by informal settlements in urban Nigeria, reflecting broader themes of housing insecurity and gentrification. As the situation evolves, it remains crucial for stakeholders, including residents, government officials, and NGOs, to engage in constructive dialogue aimed at finding equitable solutions that respect community rights and needs.

FAQs

What is happening in Makoko, Lagos?

The Lagos State government is demolishing homes in Makoko, citing safety concerns related to high voltage power lines, which critics claim is part of a gentrification agenda.

How many people have been displaced?

Over 10,000 people have been displaced due to the recent demolitions, affecting thousands of families and disrupting their livelihoods.

What are the community's concerns about the demolitions?

Residents are concerned about losing their homes without adequate notice or compensation and fear that the demolitions are aimed at facilitating private development at their expense.