What Are the Top 5 Celestial Events to Catch This Autumn?

As the nights draw in this autumn, several celestial events will captivate stargazers across the UK. From the peak of the Orionid meteor shower to the stunning supermoons, there’s plenty to look forward to in the night sky. The autumn equinox on 22 September marks a significant change in daylight hours, making these events even more enticing as darkness falls sooner.

Last updated: 27 October 2023 (BST)

Key Takeaways

• The autumn equinox occurs on 22 September 2023, marking the transition into longer nights.
• Saturn will be at its brightest on 21 September due to its opposition to the Sun.
• The Orionid meteor shower peaks around 22 October, with ideal viewing conditions.
• Two supermoons will occur on 5 November and 4 December, appearing larger and brighter.
• Weather conditions can affect visibility, so monitor forecasts for clear skies.

Understanding the Autumn Equinox

The autumn equinox, occurring on 22 September at 19:20 BST, signifies the moment when the Sun is directly above the equator. This event results in nearly equal lengths of day and night. After this date, daylight diminishes more rapidly, with an estimated loss of five to six hours of daylight by the end of November compared to late August. This seasonal transition not only brings cooler temperatures but also sets the stage for spectacular celestial events.

Saturn: The Jewel of the Night Sky

On 21 September, just a day before the equinox, Saturn will reach its closest point to Earth, appearing at its brightest and largest. This phenomenon, known as opposition, occurs when the planet is directly opposite the Sun, fully illuminated and visible to observers on Earth. Saturn can be found in the constellation of Pisces, appearing as a non-twinkling star to the naked eye. However, to truly appreciate its stunning rings, a telescope is necessary. Saturn will remain a prominent feature in the evening sky for the remainder of the year, making it an excellent target for stargazers.

The Orionid Meteor Shower: A Celestial Spectacle

The Orionid meteor shower, one of the highlights of the autumn sky, will be active from 2 October to 7 November, with its peak occurring around 22 October. This meteor shower is particularly special because it originates from Halley's Comet, known for its periodic appearances every 76 years. During its peak, observers can expect to see approximately 25 meteors per hour. To catch the best view, look towards the constellation Orion, ideally in a dark area away from city lights. The new moon on 22 October will provide perfect conditions, eliminating moonlight interference.

Challenges with Other Meteor Showers

Two other meteor showers, the Draconids and the Taurids, will present challenges for viewers this autumn. The Draconids peak on the night of 8 October, coinciding with the full moon, which will significantly hinder visibility. Similarly, the Taurids, peaking on 12 November, will be affected by light pollution from a gibbous moon that will be 84% illuminated. While these showers may not be as spectacular this year, they are still worth noting for dedicated stargazers.

Supermoons: An Unmissable Event

Supermoons are a captivating phenomenon that occurs when a full moon coincides with the moon's closest approach to Earth, known as perigee. This year, two supermoons will grace the sky on 5 November and 4 December. During a supermoon, the Moon can appear up to 14% larger and 30% brighter than when it is further away. These events are particularly striking and offer excellent opportunities for photography and moon-gazing.

Weather Considerations for Stargazing

While autumn brings a wealth of celestial events, weather conditions play a crucial role in visibility. The UK's unpredictable weather can often obstruct views of the night sky. Currently, the jet stream's position across southern England, combined with low-pressure systems, has led to mixed weather patterns. Clear skies are essential for optimal stargazing, so it's advisable to keep an eye on local forecasts as these events approach. Checking resources like the BBC Weather service can help you plan your stargazing evenings effectively.

What to Do When the Skies Are Clear

When the skies are clear, here are some tips to enhance your stargazing experience:

• Find a dark location away from city lights.
• Bring a blanket or reclining chair for comfort.
• Use a star map or stargazing app to identify constellations and celestial events.
• Allow your eyes to adjust to the darkness for the best visibility.
• Consider bringing binoculars or a telescope for a closer look at planets and the Moon.

Conclusion: Embrace the Night Sky This Autumn

As the evenings grow longer and the night sky becomes more prominent, autumn offers a perfect opportunity to connect with the cosmos. From the brilliant display of meteors from the Orionid shower to the breathtaking sight of supermoons, there is much to enjoy. Engaging with these celestial events not only enhances our appreciation for the universe but also provides a moment of tranquillity amid our busy lives. So, grab your telescope, check the weather, and prepare to be awed by the wonders above.

FAQs

What is the autumn equinox?

The autumn equinox occurs when the Sun is directly above the equator, resulting in nearly equal lengths of day and night. This year, it falls on 22 September at 19:20 BST.

When can I see the Orionid meteor shower?

The Orionid meteor shower will be active from 2 October to 7 November, with its peak around 22 October, providing ideal viewing conditions due to the new moon.

What is a supermoon?

A supermoon happens when a full moon coincides with the Moon's closest approach to Earth (perigee), making it appear larger and brighter. This year, supermoons will occur on 5 November and 4 December.

Why is Saturn so bright on 21 September?

Saturn will be at its brightest on 21 September due to its opposition to the Sun, making it fully illuminated and visible in the constellation of Pisces.

How can I prepare for stargazing?

To prepare for stargazing, find a dark location away from city lights, bring comfortable seating, use a stargazing app, and allow your eyes to adjust to the dark for optimal visibility.