Can You Bring Down a Government in 48 Hours While Politicians Profit?

The recent Gen Z protests in Nepal showcased the power of youth activism, leading to the swift downfall of a government. However, this victory came at a tragic cost, with 72 lives lost and significant destruction across the nation. The protests reflected deep-seated frustrations over governance and corruption, marking a pivotal moment in Nepal's political landscape.

Last updated: 08 October 2023 (BST)

Key Takeaways from the Protests

• The protests resulted in 72 fatalities, making it the deadliest unrest in Nepal in decades.
• Financial losses are estimated at 3 trillion Nepalese rupees (£15.6 billion), nearly half the country's GDP.
• Protesters, largely from Gen Z, expressed dissatisfaction with decades of political mismanagement.
• Key government buildings and political figures' residences were targeted, highlighting public frustration.
• The protests led to the appointment of an interim prime minister, Sushila Karki, amidst ongoing political instability.

The Build-Up to the Protests

The protests erupted on 8 September 2023, stemming from a combination of factors, including a ban on 26 social media platforms and ongoing discontent towards the political elite, often referred to as "nepo babies." This term describes the children of influential politicians who are perceived as flaunting their wealth while ordinary citizens struggle to make ends meet.

Tanuja Pandey, a 24-year-old environmental activist and one of the protest organisers, highlighted the grievances of her generation. Her video exposing issues related to a mining site not only resonated with many but also called for action against corruption. With the ongoing frustrations, youths took to the streets, united by a common goal: to bring about change.

The Role of Social Media in Mobilisation

Social media played a crucial role in rallying support for the protests. Activists like Pandey leveraged platforms to share information and mobilise crowds. The ban on social media heightened tensions, as it was perceived as an attempt by the government to stifle dissent.

Initial Peaceful Gatherings Turn Violent

On the morning of the protests, participants gathered at Maitighar Mandala in Kathmandu, initially enjoying a peaceful atmosphere filled with songs and slogans. However, as the day progressed, tensions escalated. Both Pandey and fellow protester Aakriti Ghimire noticed an influx of older individuals who appeared to be instigators.

As demonstrators moved towards the parliament, police employed tear gas and water cannons, leading to chaos. Eyewitness accounts suggested that some police officers used live ammunition, exacerbating the situation. The following day, violence erupted, resulting in the destruction of key government buildings, including the parliament and the prime minister's office.

Public Sentiment During Chaos

As the protests spiralled into violence, many participants felt a mix of pride and regret. While some found satisfaction in holding politicians accountable, others were deeply troubled by the loss of life and the destruction of institutions. The emotional toll was evident, with activists like Pandey grappling with the consequences of their actions.

Aftermath and Political Ramifications

The aftermath of the protests saw the military deployed to restore order. A curfew was placed in various areas, and former Supreme Court Chief Justice Sushila Karki was appointed as interim prime minister, a decision welcomed by many protesters. However, concerns lingered about the glorification of the military and the potential for further instability.

Reflecting on the Loss of Life

Families of those who died during the protests have been left to grieve their losses. Yubaraj Neupane, whose son was killed, expressed a deep sense of shock and disbelief. He, like many others, is searching for answers about the circumstances surrounding their loved ones' deaths, highlighting the personal toll of political unrest.

Understanding Nepal's Political Landscape

Nepal's political history is marked by instability. Since becoming a republic in 2008, the country has witnessed 14 governments, with no leader completing a full term. This cycle of political change has bred disillusionment among the populace, particularly among the younger generation, who seek genuine reform. The protests signify a critical point in this ongoing struggle for a more accountable and transparent government.

Implications for Future Governance

With the appointment of Karki, there is cautious optimism among protesters. Many hope she can effectively lead the country towards elections and ultimately return power to the people. However, the pathway remains fraught with challenges, and questions about the future of governance linger.

Conclusion: A Generational Awakening

The recent protests in Nepal have catalysed a political awakening among the youth. As Tanuja Pandey states, her generation is no longer willing to remain silent in the face of injustice. This moment may serve as a turning point, igniting a desire for meaningful change in a nation long plagued by corruption and mismanagement. However, the trauma and loss experienced during these events will undoubtedly impact Nepal's youth for years to come.

The protests signify a bold challenge to a political system that has hoarded power for decades, and the resilience of Nepal's Gen Z will likely shape the country's political future. How this generation navigates the delicate balance of activism and governance will be crucial as they strive for a brighter future. #NepalProtests #YouthActivism #PoliticalChange

FAQs

What sparked the protests in Nepal?

The protests were sparked by widespread discontent over poor governance, corruption, and a ban on social media platforms, which many perceived as an attempt to stifle dissent.

How many people died during the protests?

Seventy-two people were reported killed during the protests, making it the deadliest unrest in Nepal in decades.

What were the main demands of the protesters?

The main demands included accountability from the political elite, an end to corruption, and a call for genuine political reform to ensure better governance.

Who is the new interim prime minister of Nepal?

Former Supreme Court Chief Justice Sushila Karki was appointed as the interim prime minister following the protests, a decision supported by many protesters.

What are the financial implications of the protests?

The financial losses from the protests are estimated to amount to around 3 trillion Nepalese rupees (£15.6 billion), nearly half of Nepal's GDP.