Is This the Most Crowded Island in Europe Where Tourists Outnumber Locals?

The surge in tourism across popular European destinations is causing significant strain on local communities, with places like Zakynthos in Greece being the most affected. The island, with a permanent population of around 40,000, welcomed nearly six million visitors in 2023, leading to overwhelming tourist pressure. This influx raises concerns about the sustainability of tourism and the preservation of local culture.

Last updated: 27 October 2023 (BST)

Understanding Overtourism in Europe

Overtourism refers to the situation where a destination receives more tourists than it can sustainably manage. This phenomenon has led to a range of issues, from environmental degradation to social tension between locals and visitors. As cities and towns across Spain, Portugal, and Greece grapple with the consequences of mass tourism, the need for sustainable travel solutions becomes increasingly urgent.

Key Takeaways

• Zakynthos is the most overtouristed destination in Europe, with 150 overnight stays per local resident.
• Major tourist hotspots like Barcelona and Madrid are experiencing rising tensions due to increased visitor numbers.
• Alternative destinations such as Estepona and Naxos offer less crowded experiences.
• Responsible tourism practices are essential for preserving local culture and environments.
• Tourists are encouraged to consider lesser-known destinations to enjoy more authentic experiences.

The Impact of Tourism on Local Communities

As tourists flock to iconic locations, the pressure on local resources becomes palpable. Residents in popular destinations often find themselves at odds with the very visitors who contribute to their economy. In Barcelona, for instance, locals have resorted to unconventional methods, such as using water guns, to deter unruly tourists. This highlights the growing frustration among residents who feel overwhelmed by the sheer volume of visitors.

Case Study: Zakynthos

Zakynthos, or Zante, has been dubbed the 'capital of overtourism', with tourist arrivals skyrocketing by 7.3% year-on-year. This surge means that, on average, there are nearly 150 overnight stays for every resident. According to Which?, this level of tourism often results in a holiday experience dominated by other tourists, where local shops and eateries cater primarily to visitors rather than the local population.

Comparative Analysis of Overtourism in Europe

When examining the issue of overtourism, several metrics are used to evaluate the impact on local communities. The European Commission defines overtourism through three primary measures: tourist pressure, total overnight stays, and overnight stays per square kilometre. Zakynthos tops the list for tourist pressure, while Mallorca leads in total overnight stays. Paris, on the other hand, experiences the highest density of overnight stays per square kilometre.

Tourist Pressure in Zakynthos

According to the European Commission's metrics, Zakynthos has a staggering tourist pressure figure of 149,886.95 tourists for every resident. This extreme ratio significantly affects the island's infrastructure, environment, and local culture.

Overall Overnight Stays: Mallorca

Despite its lower tourist pressure, Mallorca sees the highest number of overnight stays in Europe, with over 51 million recorded in 2023. With a population of only 966,000, the ratio of tourists to locals in Mallorca also raises concerns about sustainability and quality of life for residents.

Density of Overnight Stays: Paris

Paris holds the record for the most overnight stays per square kilometre, with an astounding 418,280 stays per km². This immense pressure on the city’s infrastructure has led to a variety of challenges, including overcrowded attractions and increased living costs for residents.

Exploring Alternative Destinations

In response to overtourism, many travellers are increasingly seeking out lesser-known destinations that provide a more authentic experience. Alternatives to popular tourist hotspots can offer stunning scenery, rich culture, and a more relaxed atmosphere.

Estepona, Spain

Estepona, a charming town located on the Costa del Sol, remains relatively undiscovered compared to its neighbours. With only 253,376 international visitors in 2023, making up just 2% of the 12 million tourists in the Andalusian region, Estepona offers a picturesque setting characterised by whitewashed streets adorned with colourful flowers. The town is known for its friendly atmosphere and vibrant plazas, making it an ideal spot for those looking to escape the crowds.

Naxos, Greece

Naxos, the largest and greenest of the Cyclades Islands, is another excellent alternative to the more commercialised Greek islands like Mykonos. Known for its ancient ruins and historical landmarks, Naxos offers a glimpse into the region's rich heritage without the overwhelming tourist traffic. Highlights include the Portara, a monumental marble gate, and the island's beautiful beaches, which remain relatively unspoiled.

Tavira, Portugal

Tavira, often referred to as the 'Venice of the Algarve', is a hidden gem in Portugal that boasts a unique blend of Portuguese charm and historical significance. Visitors can explore its quaint streets lined with bougainvillea and sample local delicacies at the bustling market. Tavira serves as an excellent base for exploring the Algarve region, with its stunning beaches and historical sites.

The Future of Tourism in Europe

As the pressure of overtourism mounts, the future of tourism in Europe hangs in the balance. Destinations must find ways to manage visitor numbers while preserving their unique cultural identities and environments. This includes implementing sustainable tourism practices, promoting alternative locations, and encouraging responsible travel behaviour among tourists.

Strategies for Sustainable Tourism

• Encourage off-peak travel to reduce congestion during peak seasons.
• Promote local businesses to ensure that the economic benefits of tourism are felt by the community.
• Implement visitor caps in popular areas to restrict the number of tourists at any given time.
• Use technology to manage bookings and visitor flows more effectively.
• Educate tourists about local customs and the importance of respecting the environment.

Conclusion

As travel dynamics continue to evolve, the importance of sustainable tourism practices cannot be overstated. By choosing less crowded destinations and supporting local communities, travellers can enjoy enriching experiences while helping to alleviate the pressures of overtourism. The challenge lies in balancing the needs of visitors with the rights of residents, ensuring that future generations can also enjoy these beautiful destinations.

As you plan your future travels, consider exploring the hidden gems of Europe and engage with local cultures in a more meaningful way. Which lesser-known destinations have you considered visiting? #SustainableTravel #Overtourism #HiddenGems

FAQs

What is overtourism?

Overtourism refers to a situation where the volume of tourists in a destination exceeds its capacity to manage them sustainably, leading to negative impacts on local communities and environments.

Which destinations are most affected by overtourism?

Destinations like Zakynthos in Greece, Mallorca in Spain, and Paris in France are among the most affected by overtourism, with high tourist-to-resident ratios and significant environmental and social challenges.

How can I travel sustainably?

To travel sustainably, consider visiting lesser-known destinations, support local businesses, travel during off-peak times, and educate yourself about the local culture and environment.

What are some alternative destinations to popular tourist spots?

Alternatives to popular tourist spots include Estepona in Spain, Naxos in Greece, and Tavira in Portugal, which offer unique experiences without the crowds typically associated with major tourist destinations.

What measures can be taken to manage overtourism?

Measures to manage overtourism include visitor caps, promoting local businesses, encouraging off-peak travel, and utilizing technology to manage tourist flows effectively.